12 Facts About The Ngorongoro Crater

Ngorongoro Crater, famously dubbed ‘Africa’s Garden of Eden’, is nestled within the expansive Ngorongoro Conservation Area in northeast Tanzania, spanning 1892 km².

Formed from a colossal volcanic eruption over 2.5 million years ago, the Crater is a vast caldera, reminiscent of Mount Kilimanjaro’s magnitude. Today, it stands as the world’s largest unfilled, intact, and dormant volcano, boasting a staggering depth of over 600 meters (2000 feet) and covering an expansive area of 259 km².

The optimal time to experience Ngorongoro’s breathtaking beauty is between May and October, coinciding with Tanzania’s dry season. During this period, wildlife congregates around water sources, offering unparalleled opportunities to witness the renowned big five and beyond.

Conversely, the rainy season from November to March sees certain animals seeking refuge in the shelter of the short grass plains within the Crater, nurturing their young amidst lush surroundings.

Accessing this natural wonder is made convenient by flying into Kilimanjaro International Airport, situated just 50km from Arusha, the gateway city to the enchanting Ngorongoro Crater.

Here are 12 amazing Ngorongoro Crater facts to get you started on planning your perfect trip:

1.  One of the famous discoverers of the area was Doctor Leakey

Dr. Louis Leakey, a prominent British archaeologist, dedicated his career to studying human and animal evolution within their natural environments. Notably, his groundbreaking discoveries at nearby Olduvai Gorge included the Homo habilis skeleton, a pivotal milestone in human evolution.

Explorers of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area have the opportunity to venture to Olduvai Gorge and witness these historic findings firsthand. Some sections of the Gorge serve as active archaeological sites, where ongoing excavations offer glimpses into our ancient past.

2. The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Was Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979

Over the past century, the Ngorongoro Area has been subject to a spectrum of conservation measures. In 1959, it was designated as a zone of multiple land use, fostering a harmonious coexistence between wildlife and human communities.

In a landmark moment in 1979, the area was bestowed with the prestigious title of World Heritage Site by UNESCO. This designation underscores its exceptional natural and cultural significance, placing a paramount emphasis on preservation. Iconic landmarks like the Ngorongoro Crater hold universal value for humanity, safeguarding wildlife while accommodating human habitation.

3. The Ngorongoro Crater Features a 7- Mile Lake

A must-see highlight within the Ngorongoro Crater is the breathtaking seasonal Salt Lake, stretching over 7 miles at its center, known locally as ‘Makat’ or ‘Magadi’.

Visitors flock to this mesmerizing lake for its captivating vistas and abundant wildlife sightings against a pristine backdrop. From diverse bird species, including the iconic flamingos, to formidable predators like lions, the lake attracts a plethora of wildlife.

What makes this habitat truly unique is its formation of special algae species, which not only contribute to the lake’s striking appearance but also serve as a vital food source for flamingos, imparting their vivid pink hue. Keep your eyes peeled, as you might even catch a glimpse of a hippo in the Gorigor swamp area of the lake.

4. There are some exceedingly rare animals in the Ngorongoro Crater Area, including the Black Rhinoceros

The Ngorongoro Crater offers the ultimate opportunity to catch a glimpse of the elusive black rhino, a species facing global threats. Your safari adventure won’t be complete without sighting this iconic member of the Big 5!

As of 1995, the black rhino population had plummeted by a staggering 98%, leaving only 2500 individuals worldwide. Thanks to dedicated conservation efforts, the population has rebounded to over 5600, primarily in the southern and eastern regions of Africa. Remarkably, more than 20 black rhinos roam freely within the protected confines of the Ngorongoro Crater area, serving as a beacon of hope for the species’ survival.

5. Some of the most luxurious accommodation in the whole of Africa can be found around the Ngorongoro Crater

When organizing your journey to the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, you’ll find an array of exceptional lodging options just beyond the park’s borders.

Consider the Lake Ndutu Tented Lodge, offering a picturesque outdoor pool with panoramic vistas of the surrounding wilderness. Here, you can revel in sightings of wildlife from the comfort of your lodge and during thrilling safari excursions.

Alternatively, indulge in a stay at the Ngorongoro Serena Safari Lodge, boasting exquisite rooms that afford breathtaking views of the expansive crater right from your bedside.

6. There are over 42,000 people living in the Ngorongoro Crater Area

Ninety-eight percent of the local population in the Ngorongoro area comprises the Maasai, the indigenous inhabitants of the region. Historically, the Barabaig and Datooga people were the primary residents, but they were displaced by the Maasai, who now form the majority concentrated in the southern and eastern parts of the area.

Traditionally, the Maasai led a nomadic lifestyle, relying on traditional livestock grazing practices. However, in recent times, they have transitioned to more settled lifestyles, with increasing numbers attending formal education.

7. Each year, the spectacular Great Migration happens in the Ngorongoro Crater Area

Each year, numerous animal species participate in the Great Migration, traversing through the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. This migratory spectacle sees wildlife journeying seasonally between the Serengeti Plains and the Ngorongoro Crater, with a significant congregation occurring within the crater itself.

Optimal for wildlife enthusiasts, the dry season presents the best opportunity to witness the Great Migration in its full splendor. During this time, millions of animals stream through or gather in the Crater, offering unparalleled sightings of vast herds, including an estimated 1.7 million wildebeest and zebras.

8. Over 600,000 People visit the Ngorongoro Conservation Area each year

The Ngorongoro Crater stands as one of Africa’s premier tourist destinations, drawing a significant number of visitors annually. Two decades after the arrival of the first European explorers, the Crater witnessed an influx of foreign travelers embarking on tourist excursions.

Its status as one of the ten wonders of the world and seven wonders of Africa, alongside iconic landmarks like the River Nile, Sahara Desert, and Okavango Delta, contributes to its allure as a must-visit destination.

Tourism plays a pivotal role in Tanzania’s economy, accounting for 17.5% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and providing employment opportunities for over 2 million individuals.

9. The Ngorongoro Crater is an important place for human archaeological research

A lesser-known aspect of the Ngorongoro Crater is its pivotal role as a cornerstone for understanding the history of human evolution. Within the Ngorongoro Area, numerous groundbreaking archaeological discoveries have been unearthed, including fossilized footprints dating back an astounding 2-3 million years.

Even more remarkable are findings dating back an astonishing 4 million years, providing unprecedented insights into the ancient past. These discoveries also hint at a continuous human presence in the area spanning over 3 million years, offering a glimpse into our evolutionary journey.

10. The beauty of The Ngorongoro Crater is so unique that the area has been used as the location for many fiction and non-fiction films

The Ngorongoro Crater has been prominently showcased in numerous wildlife documentaries, including “Great Natural Wonders of the World” (2002) and “Living Earth” (2013), captivating audiences with its extraordinary biodiversity and stunning landscapes.

Furthermore, the Maasai inhabitants of Ngorongoro were featured in the documentary series “The Amazing Race” (2012), providing a glimpse into their unique culture and way of life.

Additionally, the iconic film “Out of Africa” (1985) chose the Ngorongoro Crater as a backdrop for its captivating storyline, further cementing the Crater’s reputation as a cinematic gem.

11. There Are 30,000 Animal Species Living in The Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Looking for some cool Ngorongoro Crater facts for kids? Brace yourselves for a wild ride! Get ready to marvel at the incredible variety of animals that call the Ngorongoro Crater home. From majestic buffalo and playful hyenas to gentle elephants and dazzling zebras, this crater is like a bustling animal metropolis! In fact, it’s known for having the highest density of animals per square meter anywhere on the planet. And here’s a fun fact: the Ngorongoro Crater is home to the largest pride of lions per capita in the whole wide world! But here’s a tiny twist: while you’ll spot loads of amazing creatures, you won’t catch sight of any giraffes. Why? Because the crater’s sides are just too steep for these long-necked wonders to saunter down. So get ready to explore this wildlife wonderland and discover all the fascinating creatures that call it home!

12. There is a huge array of bird species to spot